(Optional) Soak the sliced onions in a small bowl of ice water for 10 minutes to reduce their harsh flavor. Drain well and pat dry with a paper towel.
In a mason jar, combine all vinaigrette ingredients. Shake until well combined and emulsified.
In a large shallow serving bowl, arrange the arugula as the base. Layer the sliced pears and onions on top.
Sprinkle the salad with crumbled goat cheese, dried cranberries, and toasted pecans.
Shake the vinaigrette again if it has separated, and drizzle it over the salad just before serving. For a more elegant presentation, serve the salad without tossing; the dressing will naturally work its way down to the greens.
Notes
Fruits: Swap pears with crisp apples, or combine both. Add pomegranate arils, blackberries, fresh figs, or citrus segments (like clementine or blood orange).
Nuts: Try walnuts, pine nuts, sliced almonds, chopped cashews, or candied pecans for added variety.
Greens: Substitute arugula with mixed salad greens, baby spinach, or baby kale.
Cheese: Experiment with shaved parmesan, gorgonzola, mild blue cheese, or feta cheese.
Protein: Add ribbons of prosciutto for a savory, salty touch.